PadMaavat
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Padmaavat, formerly titled Padmavati, is a 2018 Indian epic period drama film directed by Sanjay Leela Bhansali. Loosely based on the epic poem Padmavatby Malik Muhammad Jayasi, it stars Deepika Padukone as Rani Padmavati, a Rajput queen known for her beauty, wife to Maharawal Ratan Singh, played by Shahid Kapoor. Sultan Alauddin Khilji, played by Ranveer Singh, hears of her beauty and attacks her kingdom to claim her. Aditi Rao Hydari, Jim Sarbh, Raza Murad, and Anupriya Goenka feature in supporting roles.[1][6]
With a production budget of ₹2.15 billion (US$33 million), Padmaavat is the most expensive Hindi film and one of the most expensive Indian films ever made.[7][8][9] Initially scheduled for release on 1 December 2017, Padmavaatfaced numerous controversies. Amid violent protests, a bounty was placed on the crew and its release was indefinitely delayed. In December, the Central Board of Film Certification approved the film with five modifications, which includes the addition of multiple disclaimers and a change in title.[10][11]Padmaavat was rescheduled for release on 25 January 2018 in 2D, 3D and IMAX 3D formats, making it the first Indian film to be released in IMAX 3D.[12]
Padmaavat received mixed reviews. Critics praised the visuals and Singh's portrayal of Khilji, but criticised its storyline, execution, length and adherence to regressive patriarchal mores.[13] Critics also disliked the portrayal of Khilji as a stereotypical evil Muslim king and Ratan Singh as the righteous Hindu king.[14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Despite not being released in some states of India, it grossed over ₹5.64 billion (US$86 million) at the box office, becoming a commercial success and one of the highest-grossing Indian films of all time.[21][22]
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Plot
In 13th-century Afghanistan, Jalaluddin Khilji of the Khilji dynasty plans to take over the throne of Delhi. His nephew Alauddin Khilji at the same time brings him a whole ostrich though he was asked only to bring ostrich hair.[23] In return, he ask for Jalaluddin's daughter Mehrunisa's hand in marriage. Their wedding is organised, but on the night of the event, Alauddin engages in adultery with another woman. A courtier witnesses the act and is killed by Alauddin. Mehrunisa is informed of this during the wedding, leaving her horrified.
Meanwhile, the Sinhala princess Padmavati mistaking the Rajput ruler Maharawal Ratan Singh for a deer, accidentally wounds him while hunting in a forest. She takes him along with her and treats him, upon which he divulged his identity, who had traveled to Sinhala to acquire rare pearls for his first wife Nagmati. Over a course of events, the two fall in love. Ratan Singh asks for Padmavati's hand in marriage, she agrees and with permission from her father, they get married.
Jalaluddin takes over the throne of Delhi and sends Alauddin to repel a Mongol invasion. Alauddin is successful in doing so, but undertakes an unsanctioned raid on Devagiri. Jalaluddin is informed of Alauddin's ambition to take over the throne from his wife and nephew. He journeys to Kara to meet Alauddin and gifts him the slave Malik Kafur. Alauddin has Jalaluddin and his ministers assassinated and declares himself the new Sultan.
Padmavati journeys to Mewar with Ratan Singh and is blessed by his royal priest, Raghav Chetan. Chetan is caught watching Ratan Singh and Padmavati sharing an intimate moment and is banished from the kingdom. He travels to Delhi and informs Alauddin of Padmavati's beauty. Alauddin, who is fixated with wanting anything that is of exceptional beauty, invites the Rajputs to Delhi; his invitation is rejected. Frustrated, he lays siege to Ratan Singh's capital Chittor. After waiting for six months and yet unsuccessful in his attempts to conquer the kingdom, Alauddin feigns peace on account of Holi and is allowed to enter Chittor where he meets Ratan Singh. He asks to see Padmavati. The Rajputs, knowing his intentions, threaten him and tell him that he is alive only because he is a guest. Ratan Singh grants Alauddin's request to see Padmavati, but does so only for a moment while preventing Alauddin from seeing her face.
Ratan Singh is taken prisoner by Alauddin, who demands to see Padmavati. Upon being insisted by the chief queen Nagmati, she agrees. She however puts forth some conditions including that she will first meet her husband when she arrives as well as the death of Chetan, to which Alauddin agrees. She then travels to Delhi to meet Khilji. Meanwhile, Alaluddin's nephew attempts to assassinate him. Alauddin is wounded but survives and later kills him.
While on the Sultanante's frontiers, the Rajputs plan to ambush the Khilji soldiers in the morning which is the time for namāz. Padmavati, along with Chittor's generals, Gora and Badal, free Ratan Singh, and escape with Mehrunisa's help. Ratan confronts Khliji who warns him to kill him now or he will regret it, but Ratan denies stating Rajputs don't attack the wounded. The Khilji soldiers are alerted and attack, but are ambushed by the Rajputs disguised as women. The Rajput attack is repulsed, with the ambushing Rajputs killed. In Chittor, Padmavati receives praise for saving Ratan Singh.
Alauddin imprisons Mehrunisa for helping the Rajputs and marches to Chittor. He and Ratan Singh engage in a single duel; Alauddin is nearly defeated by Ratan Singh when he is shot by Kafur from behind with arrows, but berates Alauddin for fighting dishonourably before dying. The Khilji army succeeds in defeating the Rajputs and capturing Chittor, but are unable to capture the Rajput women who commit jauhar with Padmavati.
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Cast
- Deepika Padukone as Padmavati – a 13th-14th century[24] legendary Rajput queen, who was, according to Padmavat, the wife of Rajput king Ratan Singh (also known as Ratan Sen), the ruler of Mewar. The news of Padmavati's beauty reached Sultan Alauddin Khilji, who besieged Singh's capital, Chittor, motivated by his desire to capture the queen.
- Shahid Kapoor as Ratan Singh – the last Rajput ruler of the Guhila dynasty that ruled the kingdom of Mewar. He was defeated by Alauddin Khilji's forces during the siege of Chittor.
- Ranveer Singh as Alauddin Khilji – the second and most powerful ruler of the Khilji dynasty that ruled the Delhi Sultanate.[25][26] He ascended the throne by murdering his paternal uncle and father-in-law, Sultan Jalaluddin Khalji.[27]According to Padmavat, Khilji laid siege to Chittor motivated by his desire to capture Ratan Singh's beautiful wife, Padmavati.
- Aditi Rao Hydari as Mehrunisa[28][29]– first wife of Alauddin Khilji and Queen of the Delhi Sultanate.
- Jim Sarbh as Malik Kafur[30]– a prominent eunuch slave-general of Alauddin Khilji.[31]
- Raza Murad as Jalaluddin Khilji[32] – the founder and first Sultan of the Khilji dynasty that ruled the Delhi Sultanate. He was deposed by his nephew and son-in-law Alauddin, who murdered his uncle to usurp the throne.[33]
- Anupriya Goenka as Nagmati[34] – first wife and chief queen of Ratan Singh according to Padmavat.[35] Nagmati and her husband's second wife, Padmavati, performed jauhar together after Alauddin Khilji attacked Chittor.[36]
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Production
Development
An adaptation of Malik Muhammad Jayasi's epic Padmavat (1540),[1] Sanjay Leela Bhansali had been planning a film adaptation for a decade.[37] He first worked on a television adaptation as an assistant editor for Shyam Benegal's television series Bharat Ek Khoj (1988), based on Jawaharlal Nehru's The Discovery of India (1946), featuring an episode about Padmavat starring Om Puri as Alauddin Khilji.[38] In 2008, Bhansali produced an opera version in Paris, inspiring him to begin work on a film version.[37] Padmaavat also took inspiration from other earlier adaptations of the epic, including Bengali literary adaptations from Kshirode Prasad Vidyavinode in 1906 and Abanindranath Tagore in 1909,[39] the Tamil film Chittoor Rani Padmini (1963),[40][41] and the Hindi film Maharani Padmini (1964).[39]
Pre-production on the film began in July 2016. That same month, playback singer Shreya Ghoshal tweeted about performing a song composed by Bhansali for the film.[42] Many media outlets speculated that Ranveer Singh and Deepika Padukone, who played the leads in Bhansali's Goliyon Ki Raasleela Ram-Leela (2013) and Bajirao Mastani (2015), were finalised to play Alauddin Khilji and Rani Padmavati in the film. In October 2016, it was announced that Bhansali would team up with Viacom 18 Motion Pictures to produce the film with Singh and Padukone along with Shahid Kapoor as Rawal Ratan Singh, playing the lead roles.[43]
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Casting
Padmaavat is the third collaboration between Ranveer Singh and Deepika Padukone with Sanjay Leela Bhansali. The trio had worked before in Goliyon Ki Rasleela Ram-Leela (2013) and Bajirao Mastani (2015), while it is Kapoor's first film with the three.[44] Their co-star from the previous films, Priyanka Chopra was also in consideration to play the title role.[45]
Shahrukh Khan was offered the part but felt it was not "meaty" enough and declined; failure to agree on his fee may have been a factor.[46] Shahid Kapoor was finally cast to play Ratan Singh with an assurance of a good enough part and a hefty fee.[47] For his role, Kapoor undertook rigorous training under trainer Samir Jaura and followed a strict diet for 40 days. He also learnt sword fighting and the basics of Mardani khel, a weapon-based martial art, and admitted that it had been one of the most physically and emotionally challenging roles of his career.[48]
Ranveer Singh portrays the antagonist of the film, Alauddin Khilji, the first negative role of his career.[49] Director Bhansali had given him books to read delving into the psyche of dark rulers of history such as Adolf Hitler, asserting that he had to completely forget who he was before he could play Khilji.[50] Singh trained under Mustafa Ahmed to get into proper shape for the role. The actor worked out twice a day for six days a week.[51] Playing Khilji so affected Singh's personality and behaviour that he had to see a psychiatrist to return to normal.[52]
Jaya Bachchan recommended Aditi Rao Hydari's name to Bhansali for the role of Khilji's first wife, Mehrunisa.[53][28][54] Bhansali casted Hydari over four other choices.[55] She is the only member of the star cast who actually belongs to a royal lineage.[56]
Veteran actor Raza Murad portrays Alauddin's paternal uncle and Khilji dynasty founder, Sultan Jalaluddin Khilji. Murad has earlier collaborated with Bhansali in Goliyon Ki Rasleela Ram-Leela and Bajirao Mastani.[57] Jim Sarbh portrays Malik Kafur, a prominent eunuch slave-general of Alauddin Khilji.[58] Sarbh learned horse-riding for the role.[59]
On 25 October 2017, a video of the first song from the film, titled Ghoomar, was released, in which a woman dressed like a queen appeared briefly. It was later revealed in a Twitter fanpage of Sanjay Leela Bhansali Productions, that the woman is Maharawal Ratan Singh's first wife, Rani Nagmati, who is portrayed by Anupriya Goenka.[60]
Budget
Due to the costs mounted on the film by delay in the release, Box Office India declared the film's budget to be ₹215 crore(US$33 million), which makes it the most expensive Hindi film and one of the most expensive Indian films ever made.[8][9]
Costumes
Delhi-based Rimple and Harpreet Narula designed Rani Padmavati's costume using traditional Gota embroidery work of Rajasthan. The border derives from the architectural details of Rajasthani palace windows and jharokhas and the odhnis have been styled in conventional ways which are still prevalent in the Mewar belt of Rajasthan.[61] The designer duo elaborated that the costume worn by Padukone in the final scene of the film features the tree-of-life motif and twisted gota embroidery and has a Kota dupatta with block printing. Padukone's dresses were made with Sinhalese influences, as the character of Padmavati hailed from Sri Lanka.[62]
The costumes for Shahid Kapoor were made from mulmul and cotton, with special attention given to the turbans, one of which, featuring a 28-dye lehariya, was inspired by a turban to be found at the Victoria and Albert Museum in London.[63] The clothes for Ranveer Singh were based on travellers' accounts of the Turko-Persian influence on Indian clothing[64] (Khilji was of Turko-Afghan heritage).[25] The costumes for Aditi Rao Hydari, who plays Khilji's first wife Mehrunisa, incorporated Turkish, Afghan, Mongol and Ottoman elements to showcase Mehrunisa's Turkic origins.[65] For both Ranveer Singh and Hydari's costumes, extensive research was done on the clothing and textiles of the Turkish belt, from Afghanistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to Kazakhstan and to the Central Asian belt around Turkey.[65][66]
Padukone's look for the "Ghoomar" song features intricate jewellery weighing up to 3 kg designed by Tanishq featuring a triple Borla, Mathapatti and Bajuband which are traditional ornaments worn by the Rajasthani women.[67]
Vipul Amar and Harsheen Arora of Delhi-based design house 'The V Renaissance' designed costumes for Rawal Ratan Singh and Alauddin Khilji, employing historical techniques to create the armour such as cuirboilli, sculpting, chiselling, and inlaying.[68] The armour took a team of forty workers eight months to prepare.[69]
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Soundtrack
| Padmaavat | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Soundtrack album by Sanjay Leela Bhansali | ||||
| Released | 21 January 2018 | |||
| Genre | Feature film soundtrack | |||
| Length | 21:46 | |||
| Language | Hindi Rajasthani Urdu Arabic | |||
| Label | T-Series | |||
| Sanjay Leela Bhansali chronology | ||||
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| Singles from Padmaavat | ||||
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The film score is composed by Sanchit Balhara while the songs are composed by Sanjay Leela Bhansali. A. M. Turaz and Siddharth-Garima wrote the lyrics. The soundtrack has been released by T-Series and comprises six songs.[70] The first song "Ghoomar", to which Padukone performs the traditional Rajasthani folk dance on a set that replicates the interior of Chittorgarh Fort,[71][72] was released on 25 October 2017.[73] The second song from the film "Ek Dil Ek Jaan", a love ballad featuring Padukone and Shahid Kapoor, was released on 11 November 2017.[74] The rest of the soundtrack was released on 21 January 2018 which includes the other four songs: "Khalibali", "Nainowale Ne", "Holi" (Manganiyars & Langa's folk song) and "Binte Dil".[70]
| Track listing | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | Title | Lyrics | Singer(s) | Length |
| 1. | "Ghoomar" | A. M. Turaz, Swaroop Khan | Shreya Ghoshal, Swaroop Khan | 4:41 |
| 2. | "Ek Dil Ek Jaan" | A. M. Turaz | Shivam Pathak | 3:40 |
| 3. | "Khalibali" | A. M. Turaz | Shivam Pathak, Shail Hada | 4:18 |
| 4. | "Nainowale Ne" | Siddharth-Garima | Neeti Mohan | 2:55 |
| 5. | "Holi (Manganiyars & Langa's folk song)" | Traditional | Richa Sharma, Shail Hada | 2:56 |
| 6. | "Binte Dil" | A. M. Turaz | Arijit Singh | 3:12 |
| Total length: | 21:46 | |||
Controversy
The film became controversial during production. Several Rajput caste organisations including Shri Rajput Karni Sena and its members had protested and later vandalised the film sets claiming that the film portrays the Padmavati, a Rajput queen, in bad light. They had also assaulted Bhansani on a film set.[75][76] The Sena had made further threats of violence.[77]While filming a scene in Masai Plateau, Kolhapur at night in October 2017, some people attacked and set the set ablaze, injuring animals and destroying several costumes.[78] Several Muslim leaders protested against the alleged misrepresentation of Ala-ud-din Khilji and called for ban.[79][80] In the days leading up to the film's release, there were violent protests and riots in several parts of India.[81][82] In Haryana, the protestors had attacked several vehicles including a school bus.[83][84]
Bhansali and Deepika Padukone had received threats of violence.[85][86][85][87] The film makers received support from the film community and industry associations including the Indian Film & Television Directors' Association, Cine & TV Artists Association, Western India Cinematographers' Association, Association of Cine & Television Art Directors & Costume Designers.[88][89][90]
The major political parties across India took conflicting stands. Several members and leaders of the Bharatiya Janata Party(BJP) called for a ban on the film. The Rajasthan State unit of the Indian National Congress (INC) had also called for ban.[91][92]
The controversies surrounding the film re-opened the question of film censorship in India and the country's freedom of expression.[93][94] The Supreme Court dismissed a petition calling to stop the film's release citing the freedom of speech and expression.[95][96]
Release
The digital streaming rights of Padmaavat were sold to Amazon Prime Video for ₹20–250 million in August 2017.[100] Theatrical distribution rights in overseas territories were acquired by Paramount Pictures from Viacom 18 in October.[101] Prime Focus Limited rendered the film in 3D.[102] The film was initially scheduled for theatrical release on 1 December 2017 in India, but was delayed due to protests.[103]
Padmavati was initially slated for release in the United Arab Emirates on 30 November 2017 and in the United Kingdom on 1 December 2017 but the makers stated that the film would not be released in foreign territories before receiving a certificate from the Central Board of Film Certification (CBFC).[104][105][106] In the end of December, CBFC approved the film for theatrical exhibition and suggested 5 modifications to the film, which includes the addition of multiple disclaimers and amending its title to Padmaavat.[10][11] The change in the title was intended to be a disclaimer that the film is not a historical drama, but a cinematic adaptation of Malik Muhammad Jayasi's epic poem Padmavat.[107]
The British Board of Film Classification (BBFC) passed the film with a (12A) rating and zero cuts.[108]
Post the CBFC approval with U/A certification, the film got banned by the Chief Ministers of four states Rajasthan, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh and Haryana in order to maintain 'law and order' and avert protests in their states.[109][110] The Supreme Court of India over-ruled the ban, stating that freedom of speech is to be maintained and that the states have to ensure the screening of the film without any issues.[111][112][113] On 30 January 2018, Malaysia banned the film.[114]
Reception
Critical reception
India
Following the controversies, the makers held a pre-screening of Padmaavat in November 2017 for some journalists, including Arnab Goswami and Rajat Sharma, who praised the film and described it as "the greatest tribute to Rajput pride."[115][116]Rajat Sharma particularly praised Singh's performance as Khilji.[117]
Padmaavat opened to mixed critical reviews upon release.[118][119][120] Critics praised the visuals, and the performance of Singh, but criticised its storyline, execution, running time and the "unwanted" 3D conversion.[13]
Taran Adarsh of Bollywood Hungama gave 4.5 stars and said, "On the whole, Padmaavat is a remarkable motion picture experience that's backed by proficient direction, spellbinding screenwriting and superlative acting. For Bhansali, it's the best title on an impressive filmography."[121] Neil Soans of The Times of India gave 4 stars and said, "The director's expertise in heightening opulence and grandeur is well-known, further distinguishable in 3D. Cinematographer Sudeep Chatterjee compliments him by beautifully capturing some jaw-dropping scenery."[122] Rachit Gupta of Filmfare gave 3.5 stars and said, "the real wonder of Padmaavat comes from its production and presentation. This film has phenomenal production design, costumes and camera work. The technical finesse on display is just mind boggling."[123] Rajeev Masand of CNN-News18gave 3.5 stars, praising Singh's performance.[124]
Kunal Guha of Mumbai Mirror gave 3.5 stars but criticised Padukone's and Kapoor 's performances.[125] Giving 3.5 stars, Sushant Mehta of India Today panned Padukone's and Kapoor's performances calling them "mediocre" while terming Singh's "unconvincing".[126]
Shubhra Gupta of The Indian Express gave 2.5 stars and said, "Padmaavat is spectacular [to look]: no one can do spectacle like Bhansali. You can easily delight in it while the going is good. But nearly three hours of it, and looping rhetoric around what constitutes Rajput valour can and does become tiresome."[127] Mayur Sanap of Deccan Chronicle criticised the execution and the length and gave 2.5 stars.[128] Suparna Sharma, also of Deccan Chronicle gave 2.5 stars and said, "Padmaavat is offensively chauvinistic, blatantly right-wing, and quite unabashedly anti-Muslim.[20]
Raja Sen of NDTV India gave 1.5 stars and said, "Bhansali takes an unbearable length of time to spark the flame. Things go on and on and on, with characters it is impossible to care about. They may appear attractive from time to time, certainly, but these protagonists are inconsistent, infuriating and test the patience."[129]
Rediff.com also gave 1.5 stars calling it "superficial" and wrote "Deepika Padukone gets an absolute raw deal as the Queen; her performance is submissively overwrought, blandly weighted, and her speeches combined with the leisureliness of the narrative's pacing, can put you in a stupor. Worst of all, you will be driven by the suspicion if Padukone even does enough to deserve the movie's title.[130] Namrata Joshi of The Hindu gave a negative review noting the film is "a yawn fest" and "an interminable expanse of unadulterated dullness." She also criticised the 3D conversion writing "The opulence doesn't seem as awe-inspiring, the special effects, especially in some of the battle scenes, are plain tacky and the actors seem like cardboard dolls of themselves in the long shots, acquiring a human visage only in extreme".[131] Anna M. M. Vetticad of Firstpostcriticised the film giving 1 star out of 5 writing "Padmaavat is a perfect example of a Hindi film couching its extreme prejudices in grandiloquence and tacky clichés, with those clichés embedded in resplendent frames."[16]
Overseas
Mike McCahill of The Guardian gave 4 stars and said, "It's not just the extravagance that catches the eye, but the precision with which it's applied. Every twirl of every sari and every arrow in every battle appears to have been guided by the hands of angels. Such excess could have proved deadening, but dynamic deployment of old-school star power keeps almost all its scenes alive with internal tensions."[132] Shilpa Jamkhandikar published a mixed review in Reuters, who noted, "But unlike Bhansali's earlier films, where he was able to find emotional depth even in opulent historical romances, this one falls short". But she praised Ranveer Singh's performance as Khilji.[133] Manjusha Radhakrishnan of Gulf News opined that the quality of the work was lower than that in other Bhansali films.[134] Sadaf Haider of DAWN Images said that the film is "a flawed history lesson", however, she praised the film visual, music and most of the act.[135] Rahul Aijaz of The Express Tribune rated 4.5 out of 5 stars; he too praised the film and said that it "doesn't set up false expectations and then disappoint" due to "perfect storytelling", and "memorable performances".[136] A Pakistani critic, Haroon Khalid, had disliked the portrayal of Khilji as a stereotypical evil Muslim king and Ratan Singh as the righteous Hindu king.[137]
Box office
Due to the numerous controversies associated with Padmaavat before its release which resulted in banning the film in certain states, the film's commercial performance was highly unpredictable.[138] The film was released in only 70% of places in India.[139] However, despite limited screenings, the film earned an estimated ₹5 crore (US$770,000) in Wednesday paid previews.[140] The following day, the film opened nationwide across 4,800 screens of which over 500 screens were shown in Tamil and Telegu.[141][142] It earned an estimated ₹19 crore (US$2.9 million) nett on its opening day in India, excluding previews, which was considered impressive despite its ban in numerous big states and marked a career best opening for Ranveer Singh, Sanjay Leela Bhansali and Shahid Kapoor and fourth biggest for Padukone (behind Happy New Year, Chennai Express and Yeh Jawaani Hai Deewani).[143][144][145][146] On Friday, the film added another ₹32 crore(US$4.9 million), owing to national holiday on Republic Day.[147] This was followed by a gradual fall on Saturday taking in another ₹27 crore (US$4.1 million).[148][149] Through Sunday, the film delivered an opening weekend of ₹114 crore(US$17 million) and became the fourteenth film to enter the 100 crore club in just under 4 days.[150][151] Furthermore, it broke the record for the biggest IMAX opening in India with US$461,000 from 12 screens.[152] However, due to its limited screenings, the film nevertheless lost over ₹35 crore (US$5.4 million) in box office receipts during its opening weekend.[153]
Outside India, the film broke all-time opening day records in Australia (A$367,984), surpassing the likes of Dangal and the dubbed-Hindi version of Baahubali: The Conclusion.[138][154] One of the reason behind the film's successful run in the country was because Paramount (the overseas distributing company) was able to secure release in all three major theatre chains (Hoyts, Event Cinemas and Village Cinemas) unlike other Bollywood films which have to choose between the two latter.[155] In the United States and Canada, the film grossed $1.13 million on its opening day. This was followed by the biggest ever single-day for a Hindi film with $1.8 million on Saturday, breaking the previous record held by PK ($1.41 million).[156][157] Although Baahubali: The Conclusion still holds the record for all Indian films, that is inclusive of three different languages.[158] It went on to set a new opening weekend record for a Hindi film with $4.2 million, and witnessed the second best per-theatre-average inside the top 10 with $13,188 from 324 theatres.[159][152] As of 6 February 2018, the film has crossed ₹4 billion(US$61 million) worldwide, making it one of the top 10 highest-grossing Bollywood films of all time.[160] Its domestic net income was ₹275 crore (US$42 million) in the fourth weekend of its run.[21] The film has grossed ₹564 crore (US$86 million) worldwide.[5]
Historical inaccuracies
Differences from Padmavat
The film is an adaptation[1] of the epic poem Padmavat written by Sufi poet Malik Muhammad Jayasi in 1540.[161] The poem is a fictionalised account of Alauddin Khilji's 1303 siege of Chittorgarh in Rajputana (present-day Rajasthan).[162] According to Padmavat, Alauddin Khilji, the Sultan of Delhi, laid siege to Chittor Fort motivated by his desire to capture Queen Padmini (called Padmavati in the film), the beautiful wife of King Ratan Sen (called Ratan Singh in the film), the Rajput ruler of Mewar. After Khilji successfully besieged Ratan Singh's capital Chittor, Padmavati committed jauhar (the Rajput custom of self-immolation) to protect her honour from the Muslim ruler.[163]
- The film shows Padmavati as the daughter of the king of Singal.[citation needed] According to Padmavat, Padmavati was the sister of the king and Ratan Singh married her after defeating the king in a game of chess.[164]
- In the film, the Brahmin Raghav Chetan is exiled as per Padmavati's wishes.[165] In Padmavat, he left Mewar on his own accord, fearing Ratan Singh's rage.[164]
- In the film, Padmavati travels to Delhi in order to rescue Ratan Singh.[166] In Padmavat, it is only Ratan Singh's faithful servants, Gora and Badal who travel to Delhi along with their followers to save Ratan Singh.[164]
- The climax of the film shows Ratan Singh being killed by Alauddin Khilji's forces while he is engaged in battle with Khilji and is about to defeat him. According to Padmavat, Ratan Singh never fought Khilji and died in a battle against King Devpal of Kumbalner before Khilji attacked Chittor.[167]
Portrayal of Alauddin Khilji
Alauddin Khilji's portrayal in the film has been criticised by historians and critics for its historical and geographical inaccuracies and staying not faithful to the epic Padmavat.[168][16][169][170][166][165] Before their ascension to the throne, Jalaluddin and Alauddin Khilji were known as Malik Feroze and Ali Gurshasp, respectively.[165][171] Jalaluddin Khilji is portrayed as an arrogant, cunning and cruel man. He was actually popular for being a mild-mannered, humble and pious ruler.[172][165]Jalaluddin ascended the throne of Delhi in 1290 only to end the chaos that ensued after the death of Sultan Ghiyas ud din Balban.[168] He was not ambitious by nature and did not lead an attack on the Delhi Sultanate from Ghazni, Afghanistan.[173]In the film, the Delhi Sultanate's flag is shown in green colour with a white crescent moon. The Sultanate actually had a green flag with a black band running vertically on the left.[165] The film shows an unsuccessful assassination plot by Alauddin's nephew, one which seriously injures the Sultan, but none of this actually happened.[171] Historian Rana Safvi wrote that Khilji was sophisticated, not barbarian as portrayed in the film.[174][173] Historian Mohammed Safiullah also criticised Khilji's portrayal and the implicit depiction of a homosexual relationship between Khilji and his slave-general Malik Kafur.[175]Historian Archana Ojha of Delhi University criticised Alauddin Khilji's look and clothing in the film.[176]
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